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circos的安装使用

参考资料

参考教程 https://www.jianshu.com/p/741e77c94714 徐州更教程 https://www.jianshu.com/u/9ea40b5f607a circos https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv7812579/
全网最完整的circos中文教程 circos heatmap circos color参考

安装 circos

conda create -c bioconda -n circos circos

测试circos

conda activate circos
circos -V

软件官网源码和教程http://circos.ca/software/download/ 颜色参考 https://colorbrewer2.org/#type=qualitative&scheme=Set3&n=12 注意:circos作图时,染色体一定要注意Chr1或Chr01格式,格式前后一定要一致。基因名称一定要一致,是'Sp01G000010.1' 还是'Sp01G000010',后面的.1有没有一定要一致,否则就会出错

制作滑动窗展示基因密度(需要安装bedtools)

从gff3文件获取基因的位置

grep '[[:blank:]]gene[[:blank:]]' Spohua.genome.gff3 | cut -f 1,4,5 | awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3}'|grep Chr > genes.bed

从基因组位置文件获取滑动窗

cut -d ' ' -f 3,6 Spo.genome.txt | tr ' ' '\t' > Spo.genome bedtools makewindows -g Spo.genome.txt -w 1000000 >Spo.windows #设置window为1M

Spo.genome.txt是基因组染色体长度的文件 head Spo.genome.txt

Chr1   26663249
Chr2   25493351
Chr3   22916255
Chr4   22507087
Chr5   18661867
Chr6   19687438
Chr7   15147718
Chr8   14276932
Chr9   12412806
Chr10   12144945

可以使用下面的代码来获取,

samtools faidx ${genome}
cat ${genome}.fai |cut -f 1-2| fgrep ${chr}|sort -V >${prefix}.genome.txt

获取基因覆盖率

bedtools coverage -a Spo.windows -b genes.bed | cut -f 1-4 > genes_num.txt

染色体配置文件

cat Spo.genome|awk '{print "chr - "$1" "$1" 0 "$2" "$1}' >karyotype.Spo.txt

获取GC含量

bedtools nuc -fi Spo.genome.fa -bed Spo.windows |cut -f 1-3,5|sed '1d' >GC_content_num.txt

生成circos图

circos -conf circos.conf

准备可视化LTR的相关数据

###Copia类型的转座子
cat Spohua.fa.pass.list|grep Copia |cut -f1|tr : "\t"|sed 's/\.\./\t/g' >spo.Copia.bed
###Gypsy类型的转座子
cat Spohua.fa.pass.list|grep Gypsy |cut -f1|tr : "\t"|sed 's/\.\./\t/g' >spo.Gypsy.bed
###从gff3文件获取基因的位置(基因密度)
grep '[[:blank:]]gene[[:blank:]]' Spohua.genome.gff3 | cut -f 1,4,5 | awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3}'|grep Chr > genes.bed
#制作滑动窗
bedtools makewindows -g Spo.genome.txt -w 1000000 >Spo.windows #设置window为1M

##获取覆盖率
bedtools coverage -a Spo.windows -b genes.bed |cut -f 1-4 >genes_num.txt
bedtools coverage -a Spo.windows -b spo.Copia.bed |cut -f 1-4 >Copia_num.txt
bedtools coverage -a Spo.windows -b spo.Gypsy.bed |cut -f 1-4 >Gypsy_num.txt

##准备LAI的文件(windowssize为300kb)
cat Spohua.fa.out.LAI|cut -f 1,2,3,7 |sed '1,2d' >LAI_num.txt
###完整LTR的百分比(每个windowsize的完整LTR的百分比)
cat Spohua.fa.out.LAI|awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3"\t"$4*100}'|sed '1,2d' >full_LTR_num.txt
###所有LTR的百分比(每个windowsize的LTR的百分比)
cat Spohua.fa.out.LAI|awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3"\t"$5*100}'|sed '1,2d' >LTR_num.txt

##配置染色体文件
cut -d ' ' -f 3,6 Spo.genome.txt | tr ' ' '\t' > Spo.genome
cat Spo.genome|awk '{print "chr - "$1" "$1" 0 "$2" "$1}' >karyotype.Spo.txt

##准备共线性文件
####需要预先准备 cds,pep,bed 文件。参考[Jcvi的使用](https://www.jianshu.com/p/37fed126777f)。
#####一个物种内部共线性需要准备一套cds,蛋白pep,bed文件就可以了。
python -m jcvi.compara.catalog ortholog --dbtype prot --no_strip_names Spo Spo

#####从共线性的基因对,提取整合成circos的bed格式。
cat Spo.Spo.anchors |grep -v \#| while read line;
do
        gene_array=($line)
        gene1_pos=`fgrep ${gene_array[0]} Spo.bed|cut -f 1-3`
        gene2_pos=`fgrep ${gene_array[1]} Spo.bed|cut -f 1-3`
        bed=${gene1_pos}" "${gene2_pos}
        echo $bed >>Spo.coline_num.txt
done
###把染色体中的Chr0转换成Chr.(所有的用于circos画图的染色体都需要改成Chr这种,否则,默认的circos不会识别Chr01这种格式)
cat Spo.coline_num.txt |sed 's/Chr0/Chr/g' >coline_num.txt

circos的文件和环境配置

circos是基于perl实现的,只能用来画图,并不能处理数据,所以数据需要先制作完成后,才能用circos画。 配置文件列表 - karyotype.Spo.txt (染色体长度配置文件) * - circos.conf (主要的conf文件,画图时,通过此文件来调用其他配置文件) - ticks.conf (刻度控制文件) - coline_num.txt (共线性文件) - GC_num.txt GC(含量文件) - full_LTR_num.txt ( 完整LTR的百分比) - Gypsy_num.txt (Gypsy的百分比) - LTR_num.txt (所有LTR的百分比) - Copia_num.txt(Copia的百分比) - genes_num.txt (基因密度) - LAI_num.txt(LAI的分布) 所有以_num.txt结尾的都是画图的数据文件,可以根据实际需要灵活增删。 标*的是必须文件。其他是选配文件。 karyotype.Spo.txt文件内容如下

chr - Chr1 Chr1 0 27519054 Chr1
chr - Chr2 Chr2 0 37982726 Chr2
chr - Chr3 Chr3 0 37451735 Chr3
chr - Chr4 Chr4 0 28204096 Chr4
chr - Chr5 Chr5 0 45635594 Chr5
chr - Chr6 Chr6 0 32349783 Chr6
chr - Chr7 Chr7 0 36685546 Chr7
chr - Chr8 Chr8 0 31371431 Chr8
chr - Chr9 Chr9 0 35059391 Chr9
chr - Chr10 Chr10 0 43700000 Chr10
chr - Chr11 Chr11 0 39651545 Chr11
chr - Chr12 Chr12 0 31915921 Chr12
chr - Chr13 Chr13 0 43197690 Chr13
chr - Chr14 Chr14 0 32136955 Chr14
chr - Chr15 Chr15 0 49422898 Chr15
chr - Chr16 Chr16 0 36480970 Chr16
chr - Chr17 Chr17 0 34479775 Chr17

ticks.conf文件内容如下:

#刻度ticks配置文件
chromosomes_units = 1000000
show_ticks          = yes
show_tick_labels    = yes

<ticks>

radius           = 1r
color            = black
thickness        = 2p

multiplier       = 1e-6 #输出的标签为实际长度与其相乘

format           = %d # %d表示显示整数
tick_separation = 3p #管理刻度和外圈之间的距离
label_separation        = 10p
<tick>
spacing        = 1u
size           = 5p
</tick>

<tick>
spacing        = 5u
size           = 10p
show_label     = yes
label_size     = 10p
label_offset   = 10p
format         = %d
</tick>

</ticks>

head coline_num.txt

Chr1 2863127 2878319 Chr3 19253647 19258135
Chr1 3914355 3914748 Chr3 19905364 19905757
Chr1 3976083 3982656 Chr3 21062604 21067133
Chr1 4195280 4197605 Chr3 20801492 20805443

cat circos.conf

#首尾染色体之间有间隔,添加了共线性,同时调整了半径

karyotype = karyotype.Spo.txt #定义基因组的染色体大小文件
#chromosomes_color = Chr1=rdylbu-11-div-1,Chr2=rdylbu-11-div-3,Chr3=rdylbu-11-div-5,Chr4=rdylbu-11-div-7,Chr5=rdylbu-11-div-9 #定义染色体的颜色,染色体名称是karyotype.Spo.txt中第3列的名称Chr1-17
<<include ticks.conf>> #引入自定义的刻度配置文件,目录是相对路径

##共线性图
<links>

<link>
file          = coline_num.txt #共线性文件
radius        = 0.40r #外圈半径
color         = blue_a4 #默认颜色
thickness = 1p #定义线条的粗细
ribbon = yes
######rules指定线条的颜色,
<rules>
<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr1" #共线性文件中,左边是Chr1的,指定颜色。var(chr1)这个不用修改,指的是file里左侧第一个,后面的“Chr1”根据实际的Chr来修改。
color = rdylgn-11-div-1
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr2"
color = rdylgn-11-div-2
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr3"
color = rdylgn-11-div-3
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr4"
color = rdylgn-11-div-4
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr5"
color = rdylgn-11-div-5
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr6"
color = rdylgn-11-div-6
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr7"
color = rdylgn-11-div-7
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr8"
color = rdylgn-11-div-8
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr9"
color = rdylgn-11-div-9
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr10"
color = rdylgn-11-div-10
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr11"
color = rdylgn-11-div-11
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr12"
color = rdylbu-9-div-1
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr13"
color = rdylbu-9-div-2
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr14"
color = rdylbu-9-div-3
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr15"
color = rdylbu-9-div-4
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr16"
color = rdylbu-9-div-5
</rule>

<rule>
condition = var(chr1) eq "Chr17"
color = rdylbu-9-div-6
</rule>

</rules>

</link>
</links>



<plots>

#完整的LTR的百分比直方图
<plot>
type = histogram
file = full_LTR_num.txt
fill_color = 231,41,138 # 填充色
r1   = 0.50r
r0   = 0.41r
</plot>


#LTR的百分比直方图
<plot>
type = histogram
file = LTR_num.txt
fill_color = 254,196,79 # 填充色
r1   = 0.60r
r0   = 0.51r
</plot>



#Gypsy的热图
<plot>
type = heatmap
file = Gypsy_num.txt
color = oranges-9-seq #填充色必须是一个list,格式是 color = reds-9-seq 或者color = red,green,blue
r1   = 0.70r
r0   = 0.61r
</plot>

#Copia的热图
<plot>
type    = heatmap
file    = Copia_num.txt
color   = reds-9-seq #填充色
r1      = 0.80r
r0      = 0.71r
</plot>

##LAI的散点图 参考https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43569478/article/details/83824929
<plot>
type = scatter #散点图
fill_color       = grey # 点的填充色
stroke_color     = black #边框的颜色
glyph            = circle
glyph_size       = 3 # 元素大小
file = LAI_num.txt
r1   = 0.90r
r0   = 0.81r

#划分3个区间,每个区间不同的颜色。用于LAI的划分
<backgrounds>
<background>
color = vvlgreen
y0 = 20
</background>
<background>
color = vlgrey
y1 = 20
y0 = 10
</background>
<background>
color = vvlred
y0 =10
</background>

</backgrounds>
##设置y轴刻度线
<axes>
<axis>
color = lgreen
thickness = 1p
spacing = 0.05r
y1 = 20
y0 = 10
</axis>
</axes>

</plot>

##基因密度直方图
<plot>
type = histogram
file = genes_num.txt
fill_color = blue # 填充色
r1   = 0.99r
r0   = 0.91r
</plot>

</plots>


<ideogram>
<spacing>
default = 0.005r

#设置染色体之间空出个距离,用来标图例a,b,c,d,e,f
<pairwise Chr17;Chr1>  #染色体名称是karyotype.Spo.txt中第3列的名称,根据你实际的物种第一条和最后一条来修改此处
spacing = 5r #设置第一个和最后一个染色体中间空出5*default(0.005r)的距离
</pairwise>

</spacing>

radius           = 0.85r #指定画图的半径(此半径和plots里的半径不一致,这个是总的0.85r,决定了整个圈图的最大的半径,plots里的0.99r半径是以这个0.85r作为100%来分配99%)
thickness        = 10p #坐标轴的染色体的厚度
fill             = yes
show_bands      = yes #设置染色体条带填充,如果不想用条带填充,只用颜色,就设置为no
fill_bands      = yes
stroke_color     = dgrey
stroke_thickness = 2p
show_label     = yes #展示label
label_font     = default # 字体
label_radius   = dims(ideogram,radius) + 0.075r #位置
label_size     = 12 # 字体大小
label_parallel = yes # 是否平行
label_format   = eval(sprintf("%s",var(chr))) # 格式

</ideogram>

<image>
# 覆盖在 etc/image.conf 中定义的 angle_offset
angle_offset* = -82  #指定旋转角度,用于插入图例的位置
dir* = . #输出文件夹
radius* = 500p #图片半径
svg* = yes #是否输出svg,默认是yes
<<include etc/image.conf>>
</image>

<<include etc/colors_fonts_patterns.conf>>
<<include etc/housekeeping.conf>>

head GC_num.txt

Chr1    0       1000000 38.8549
Chr1    1000000 2000000 38.1306
Chr1    2000000 3000000 37.9843
Chr1    3000000 4000000 37.4317
Chr1    4000000 5000000 37.967
Chr1    5000000 6000000 37.9894

circos.png colors的选择

circos可能会出现的报错

There was a problem with True Type font support. Circos could not render text from the font file /share/home/miniconda3/envs/circos/bin/../fonts/modern/cmunrm.otf Please check that gd (system graphics library) and GD (Perl's interface to gd) are compiled with True Type support. 这种需要重新安装libGD和GD

wget https://github.com/libgd/libgd/releases/download/gd-2.3.1/libgd-2.3.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf libgd-2.3.1.tar.gz
cd libgd-2.3.1
./configure
curl -O http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v8d.tar.gz
tar -xzvf jpegsrc.v8d.tar.gz
cd jpeg-8d
./configure --prefix=/path/to/jpeg-8d
make
make install

#安装libpng
curl -O ftp://ftp.simplesystems.org/pub/libpng/png/src/libpng16/libpng-1.6.2.tar.gz
tar -xzvf libpng-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.6.2.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/path/to/jpeg-8d
make -j8
make install 
#重新安装GD(使用cpanm安装)
cpanm -f GD

可能会提示缺少perl模块

circos -modules检测是否缺少perl模块 cpanm GD #安装缺少的GD模块

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